SherbyNet - /page/wikibook/entry.mu

Micron Document

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<p>On <a href="Personal_computer" title="Personal computer">personal computers</a> with numeric keypads that use <a href="Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> <a href="Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating systems</a>, such as <a href="Windows_operating_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows operating system">Windows</a>, many <a href="Character_(computing)" title="Character (computing)">characters</a> that do not have a dedicated key combination on the <a href="Keyboard_(computer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Keyboard (computer)">keyboard</a> may nevertheless be entered using the <b>Alt code</b> (the <b>Alt numpad input method</b>). This is done by pressing and holding the <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1249182868">

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</style><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap"><a href="Alt_key" title="Alt key">Alt</a></kbd> key, then typing a number on the keyboard's <a href="Numeric_keypad" title="Numeric keypad">numeric keypad</a> that identifies the character and then releasing <kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Alt</kbd>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<p>On <a href="IBM_PC_compatible" title="IBM PC compatible">IBM PC compatible</a> <a href="Personal_computer" title="Personal computer">personal computers</a> from the 1980s, the <a href="BIOS" title="BIOS">BIOS</a> allowed the user to hold down the <kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Alt</kbd> key and type a decimal number on the keypad. It would place the corresponding code into the keyboard buffer so that it would look (almost) as if the code had been entered by a single keystroke. Applications reading keystrokes from the BIOS would behave according to what action they associate with that code. Some would interpret the code as a command, but often it would be interpreted as an 8-bit character from the current <a href="Code_page" title="Code page">code page</a> that was inserted into the text the user was typing.<sup id="cite_ref-AltModulo_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AltModulo-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the original <a href="IBM_PC" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM PC">IBM PC</a> the code page was <a href="CP437" class="mw-redirect" title="CP437">CP437</a>.

</p><p>Some Eastern European, Arabic and Asian computers used other hardware <a href="Code_page" title="Code page">code pages</a>, and MS-DOS was able to switch between them at runtime with commands like <code>KEYB</code>, <code><a href="List_of_DOS_commands#CHCP" title="List of DOS commands">CHCP</a></code> or <code><a href="List_of_DOS_commands#MODE" title="List of DOS commands">MODE</a></code>. This causes the Alt combinations to produce different characters (as well as changing the display of any previously-entered text in the same manner). A common choice in locales using variants of the Latin alphabet was <a href="CP850" class="mw-redirect" title="CP850">CP850</a>, which provided more Latin character variants. (There were, however, many more code pages<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1033199720">

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</style><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">; for a more complete list, see <a href="Code_page" title="Code page">code page</a></span>).

</p><p>PC keyboards designed for non-English use included other methods of inserting these characters, such as national <a href="Keyboard_layout" title="Keyboard layout">keyboard layouts</a>, the <a href="AltGr_key" title="AltGr key">AltGr key</a> or <a href="Dead_key" title="Dead key">dead keys</a>, but the Alt key was the only method of inserting some characters, and the only method that was the same on all machines, so it remained very popular. This input method is emulated by many pieces of software (such as later versions of MS-DOS and Windows) that do not use the BIOS keyboard decoding.

</p><p>In the ASCII standard, the numbers 0-31 and 127 are assigned to <a href="Control_character#In_Unicode" title="Control character">control characters</a>, for instance, <a href="Code_point" title="Code point">code point</a> 7 is typed by <kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">G</kbd>. While some (most?) applications would insert a <a href="Bullet_(typography)" title="Bullet (typography)">bullet</a> character <span class="nounderlines" style="border: 1px solid var(--border-color-muted,#ddd); color: var(--color-base,#202122); background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #fdfdfd); padding: 1px 1px;">•</span> (code point 7 on <a href="Code_page_437" title="Code page 437">code page 437</a>), some would treat this identical to <kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">G</kbd> which often was a command for the program.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Windows">Windows</h2></div>

<p>The Alt codes had become so well known and memorized by users that Microsoft decided to preserve them in <a href="Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a>, even though the OS features a newer and different set of code pages such as <a href="CP1252" class="mw-redirect" title="CP1252">CP1252</a>. Windows includes the following processing algorithm for Alt code, which supports both methods:

</p>

<ul><li>The familiar <kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Alt</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">#</kbd><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">#</kbd><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">#</kbd> combination retains the old <a href="MS-DOS" title="MS-DOS">MS-DOS</a> behavior, i.e., generates characters from the legacy code pages now called "<a href="Windows_code_page#OEM_code_page" title="Windows code page">OEM code pages</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-WindowsAltAlgo_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WindowsAltAlgo-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For instance <kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Alt</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">1</kbd><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">6</kbd><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">3</kbd> produces <span class="nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049734">

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</style><span class="monospaced">U+00FA</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ú</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase; font-feature-settings: 'onum'">LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE</span>. code point 163 in <a href="CP437" class="mw-redirect" title="CP437">CP437</a> or <a href="CP850" class="mw-redirect" title="CP850">CP850</a>. The "OEM code page" selection served little or no other purpose other than to control what Alt codes produced, if other code pages were selected then these numbers could produce different characters, but it did not change the display. It was impossible to type characters that were not in the Windows code page, such as box-drawing symbols.</li></ul>

<ul><li>The new <kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Alt</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">0</kbd><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">#</kbd><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">#</kbd><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">#</kbd> combination (which prefixes a zero to each Alt code), produces characters from the newer "<a href="Windows_code_page#ANSI_code_page" title="Windows code page">ANSI code pages</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WindowsAltAlgo_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WindowsAltAlgo-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For instance <kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Alt</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">0</kbd><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">1</kbd><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">6</kbd><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">3</kbd> results in <span class="nowrap"><span class="monospaced">U+00A3</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">£</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase; font-feature-settings: 'onum'">POUND SIGN</span> (when <a href="CP1252" class="mw-redirect" title="CP1252">CP1252</a> is active, because it occupies position 163 in that code page). The active Windows code page could be different, which could change the effect of these Alt codes.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Unicode">Unicode</h2></div>

<p>Later versions of Windows and applications such as Microsoft Word supported Unicode. As Unicode included all the characters in all the MSDOS code pages, this had the immediate benefit that all the old MSDOS Alt combinations worked, not just the ones that existed in the Windows Code Page. And far more software stopped changing how documents displayed or printed when the selected code page was changed.

</p><p>In the IBM PC Bios typing an Alt code greater than 255 produced the same as that number <a href="Modulo_operator" class="mw-redirect" title="Modulo operator">modulo</a> 256.<sup id="cite_ref-AltModulo_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AltModulo-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WannaBuildASnowman_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WannaBuildASnowman-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some applications retained this behavior, while others (in particular applications using the Windows <a href="RichEdit" class="mw-redirect" title="RichEdit">RichEdit</a> control, such as <a href="WordPad" title="WordPad">WordPad</a> and <a href="PSPad" title="PSPad">PSPad</a>) made numbers from 256 to 65,535 produce the corresponding Unicode character.<sup id="cite_ref-RichEdit_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RichEdit-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For instance, <kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Alt</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">9</kbd><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">7</kbd><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">3</kbd><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">1</kbd> in WordPad produces the <span class="nowrap"><span class="monospaced">U+2603</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">☃</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase; font-feature-settings: 'onum'">SNOWMAN</span>. If the Windows Code Page was set to CP1252 then all Unicode BMP characters except <a href="C0_and_C1_control_codes" title="C0 and C1 control codes">control characters</a> could be typed this way.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hex_Alt_Codes">Hex Alt Codes</h3></div>

<p>Because most Unicode documentation and character tables show the code points in <a href="Base_16" class="mw-redirect" title="Base 16">hex</a>, not decimal, a variation of Alt codes was developed to allow the typing of numbers in hex (using the main keyboard for <kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">A</kbd>–<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F</kbd>). To enable it, a user must set or create a string type (<code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">REG_SZ</code>) value called <code>EnableHexNumpad</code> in the <a href="Windows_Registry" title="Windows Registry">registry</a> key <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Control Panel\Input Method</code>, assign the value data <code>1</code> to it, and then reboot or log out/in. A leading <kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">+</kbd> then indicates hex input, for example <kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Alt</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">+</kbd><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">1</kbd><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">1</kbd><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">B</kbd> will produce <span class="nounderlines" style="border: 1px solid var(--border-color-muted,#ddd); color: var(--color-base,#202122); background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #fdfdfd); padding: 1px 1px;">ě</span> (e with <a href="Caron" title="Caron">caron</a>).

</p><p>There are many <a href="Unicode_input" title="Unicode input">other ways</a> of typing arbitrary Unicode characters, such as the <a href="Character_Map_(Windows)" title="Character Map (Windows)">Character Map</a> utility.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_operating_systems">Other operating systems</h2></div>

<p>The Alt key method does not work on <a href="ChromeOS" title="ChromeOS">ChromeOS</a>, <a href="MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a>, <a href="Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> or other <a href="Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating systems</a> and there is no evidence of interest in replicating it. However, numeric entry of Unicode characters is possible in most <a href="Unix" title="Unix">Unix</a> or <a href="Unix-like" title="Unix-like">Unix-like</a> OSs by pressing and releasing <kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">⇧ Shift</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">U</kbd>, and typing the hex number followed by the space bar or enter key. For example,

</p>

<ul><li>For the <a href="Registered_trademark_symbol" title="Registered trademark symbol">registered trademark symbol</a> <span class="nounderlines" style="border: 1px solid var(--border-color-muted,#ddd); color: var(--color-base,#202122); background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #fdfdfd); padding: 1px 1px;">®</span>, type <kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">⇧ Shift</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">U</kbd>, <kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">A</kbd><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">E</kbd>, <kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">↵ Enter</kbd>.</li>

<li>For the <a href="One-way_traffic#No_entry_signs" title="One-way traffic">no entry sign</a> <span class="nounderlines" style="border: 1px solid var(--border-color-muted,#ddd); color: var(--color-base,#202122); background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #fdfdfd); padding: 1px 1px;">⛔</span>, type <kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">⇧ Shift</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">U</kbd>, <kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">2</kbd><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">6</kbd><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">D</kbd><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">4</kbd>, <kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">↵ Enter</kbd>.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Limitations">Limitations</h2></div>

<p>If <kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap"><a href="Num_lock" class="mw-redirect" title="Num lock">Num lock</a></kbd> is disabled, attempting an Alt code may cause unexpected results in some applications, due to the controls used on the same key. For example, <kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Alt</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">4</kbd> can be taken as <kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Alt</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">←</kbd>, causing a web browser to go back one page.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_codes">List of codes</h2></div>

<th colspan="2">Unicode</th>

<th>Unicode name

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th> 

</th>

<td>NO-BREAK SPACE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>¡

</th>

<td>INVERTED EXCLAMATION MARK

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>¢

</th>

<td>CENT SIGN

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>£

</th>

<td>POUND SIGN

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>¤

</th>

<td>CURRENCY SIGN

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>¥

</th>

<td>YEN SIGN

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>¦

</th>

<td>BROKEN BAR

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>§

</th>

<td>SECTION SIGN

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>¨

</th>

<td>DIAERESIS

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>©

</th>

<td>COPYRIGHT SIGN

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ª

</th>

<td>FEMININE ORDINAL INDICATOR

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>«

</th>

<td>LEFT-POINTING DOUBLE ANGLE QUOTATION MARK

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>¬

</th>

<td>NOT SIGN

</td></tr>

<tr>

</th>

<td>SOFT HYPHEN

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>®

</th>

<td>REGISTERED SIGN

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>¯

</th>

<td>MACRON

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>°

</th>

<td>DEGREE SIGN

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>±

</th>

<td>PLUS-MINUS SIGN

</td></tr>

<tr>

</th>

<td>SUPERSCRIPT TWO

</td></tr>

<tr>

</th>

<td>SUPERSCRIPT THREE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>´

</th>

<td>ACUTE ACCENT

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>μ

</th>

<td>MICRO SIGN

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>¶

</th>

<td>PILCROW SIGN

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>·

</th>

<td>MIDDLE DOT

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>¸

</th>

<td>CEDILLA

</td></tr>

<tr>

</th>

<td>SUPERSCRIPT ONE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>º

</th>

<td>MASCULINE ORDINAL INDICATOR

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>»

</th>

<td>RIGHT-POINTING DOUBLE ANGLE QUOTATION MARK

</td></tr>

<tr>

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</style><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span>

</th>

<td>VULGAR FRACTION ONE QUARTER

</td></tr>

<tr>

</th>

<td>VULGAR FRACTION ONE HALF

</td></tr>

<tr>

</th>

<td>VULGAR FRACTION THREE QUARTERS

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>¿

</th>

<td>INVERTED QUESTION MARK

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>À

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH GRAVE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Á

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH ACUTE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Â

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Ã

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH TILDE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Ä

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Å

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Æ

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER AE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Ç

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>È

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH GRAVE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>É

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH ACUTE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Ê

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Ë

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH DIAERESIS

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Ì

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH GRAVE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Í

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH ACUTE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Î

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH CIRCUMFLEX

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Ï

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH DIAERESIS

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Ð

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER ETH

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Ñ

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH TILDE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Ò

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH GRAVE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Ó

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH ACUTE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Ô

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Õ

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH TILDE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Ö

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>×

</th>

<td>MULTIPLICATION SIGN

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Ø

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH STROKE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Ù

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH GRAVE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Ú

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH ACUTE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Û

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH CIRCUMFLEX

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Ü

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Ý

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y WITH ACUTE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Þ

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER THORN

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ß

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER SHARP S

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>à

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH GRAVE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>á

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>â

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ã

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH TILDE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ä

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>å

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>æ

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER AE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ç

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>è

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH GRAVE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>é

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ê

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ë

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH DIAERESIS

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ì

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH GRAVE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>í

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>î

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH CIRCUMFLEX

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ï

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH DIAERESIS

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ð

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER ETH

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ñ

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH TILDE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ò

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH GRAVE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ó

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ô

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>õ

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH TILDE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ö

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>÷

</th>

<td>DIVISION SIGN

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ø

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH STROKE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ù

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH GRAVE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ú

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>û

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH CIRCUMFLEX

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ü

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ý

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH ACUTE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>þ

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER THORN

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ÿ

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH DIAERESIS

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ı

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER DOTLESS I

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Œ

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LIGATURE OE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>œ

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LIGATURE OE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Š

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S WITH CARON

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>š

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CARON

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Ÿ

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y WITH DIAERESIS

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Ž

</th>

<td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z WITH CARON

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ž

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ƒ

</th>

<td>LATIN SMALL LETTER F WITH HOOK

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ˆ

</th>

<td>MODIFIER LETTER CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>˜

</th>

<td>SMALL TILDE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Γ

</th>

<td>GREEK CAPITAL LETTER GAMMA

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Θ

</th>

<td>GREEK CAPITAL LETTER THETA

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Σ

</th>

<td>GREEK CAPITAL LETTER SIGMA

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Φ

</th>

<td>GREEK CAPITAL LETTER PHI

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>Ω

</th>

<td>GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>α

</th>

<td>GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>δ

</th>

<td>GREEK SMALL LETTER DELTA

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>ε

</th>

<td>GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>π

</th>

<td>GREEK SMALL LETTER PI

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>σ

</th>

<td>GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>τ

</th>

<td>GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>φ

</th>

<td>GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>–

</th>

<td>EN DASH

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>—

</th>

<td>EM DASH

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>‗

</th>

<td>DOUBLE LOW LINE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>‘

</th>

<td>LEFT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>’

</th>

<td>RIGHT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>‚

</th>

<td>SINGLE LOW-9 QUOTATION MARK

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>“

</th>

<td>LEFT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>”

</th>

<td>RIGHT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>„

</th>

<td>DOUBLE LOW-9 QUOTATION MARK

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>†

</th>

<td>DAGGER

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>‡

</th>

<td>DOUBLE DAGGER

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>•

</th>

<td>BULLET

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>...

</th>

<td>HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>‰

</th>

<td>PER MILLE SIGN

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>‹

</th>

<td>SINGLE LEFT-POINTING ANGLE QUOTATION MARK

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>›

</th>

<td>SINGLE RIGHT-POINTING ANGLE QUOTATION MARK

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>‼

</th>

<td>DOUBLE EXCLAMATION MARK

</td></tr>

<tr>

</th>

<td>SUPERSCRIPT LATIN SMALL LETTER N

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>₧

</th>

<td>PESETA SIGN

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>€

</th>

<td>EURO SIGN

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>™

</th>

<td>TRADE MARK SIGN

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>←

</th>

<td>LEFTWARDS ARROW

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>↑

</th>

<td>UPWARDS ARROW

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>→

</th>

<td>RIGHTWARDS ARROW

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>↓

</th>

<td>DOWNWARDS ARROW

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>↔

</th>

<td>LEFT RIGHT ARROW

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>↕

</th>

<td>UP DOWN ARROW

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>↨

</th>

<td>UP DOWN ARROW WITH BASE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>∙

</th>

<td>BULLET OPERATOR

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>√

</th>

<td>SQUARE ROOT

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>∞

</th>

<td>INFINITY

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>∟

</th>

<td>RIGHT ANGLE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>∩

</th>

<td>INTERSECTION

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>≈

</th>

<td>ALMOST EQUAL TO

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>≤

</th>

<td>LESS-THAN OR EQUAL TO

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>≡

</th>

<td>IDENTICAL TO

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>≥

</th>

<td>GREATER-THAN OR EQUAL TO

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>⌂

</th>

<td>HOUSE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>⌐

</th>

<td>REVERSED NOT SIGN

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>⌠

</th>

<td>TOP HALF INTEGRAL

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>⌡

</th>

<td>BOTTOM HALF INTEGRAL

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>─

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT HORIZONTAL

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>│

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>┌

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT DOWN AND RIGHT

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>┐

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT DOWN AND LEFT

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>└

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT UP AND RIGHT

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>┘

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT UP AND LEFT

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>├

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL AND RIGHT

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>┤

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL AND LEFT

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>┬

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT DOWN AND HORIZONTAL

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>┴

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT UP AND HORIZONTAL

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>┼

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>═

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE HORIZONTAL

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>║

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE VERTICAL

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╒

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS DOWN SINGLE AND RIGHT DOUBLE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╓

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS DOWN DOUBLE AND RIGHT SINGLE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╔

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE DOWN AND RIGHT

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╕

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS DOWN SINGLE AND LEFT DOUBLE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╖

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS DOWN DOUBLE AND LEFT SINGLE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╗

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE DOWN AND LEFT

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╘

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS UP SINGLE AND RIGHT DOUBLE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╙

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS UP DOUBLE AND RIGHT SINGLE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╚

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE UP AND RIGHT

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╛

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS UP SINGLE AND LEFT DOUBLE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╜

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS UP DOUBLE AND LEFT SINGLE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╝

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE UP AND LEFT

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╞

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS VERTICAL SINGLE AND RIGHT DOUBLE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╟

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS VERTICAL DOUBLE AND RIGHT SINGLE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╠

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE VERTICAL AND RIGHT

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╢

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS VERTICAL DOUBLE AND LEFT SINGLE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╣

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE VERTICAL AND LEFT

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╤

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS DOWN SINGLE AND HORIZONTAL DOUBLE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╥

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS DOWN DOUBLE AND HORIZONTAL SINGLE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╦

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE DOWN AND HORIZONTAL

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╧

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS UP SINGLE AND HORIZONTAL DOUBLE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╨

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS UP DOUBLE AND HORIZONTAL SINGLE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╩

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE UP AND HORIZONTAL

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╪

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS VERTICAL SINGLE AND HORIZONTAL DOUBLE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╫

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS VERTICAL DOUBLE AND HORIZONTAL SINGLE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>╬

</th>

<td>BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>▀

</th>

<td>UPPER HALF BLOCK

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>▄

</th>

<td>LOWER HALF BLOCK

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>█

</th>

<td>FULL BLOCK

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>▌

</th>

<td>LEFT HALF BLOCK

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>▐

</th>

<td>RIGHT HALF BLOCK

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>░

</th>

<td>LIGHT SHADE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>▒

</th>

<td>MEDIUM SHADE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>▓

</th>

<td>DARK SHADE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>■

</th>

<td>BLACK SQUARE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>▬

</th>

<td>BLACK RECTANGLE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>▲

</th>

<td>BLACK UP-POINTING TRIANGLE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>►

</th>

<td>BLACK RIGHT-POINTING POINTER

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>▼

</th>

<td>BLACK DOWN-POINTING TRIANGLE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>◄

</th>

<td>BLACK LEFT-POINTING POINTER

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>○

</th>

<td>WHITE CIRCLE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>◘

</th>

<td>INVERSE BULLET

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>◙

</th>

<td>INVERSE WHITE CIRCLE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>☺

</th>

<td>WHITE SMILING FACE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>☻

</th>

<td>BLACK SMILING FACE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>☼

</th>

<td>WHITE SUN WITH RAYS

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>♀

</th>

<td>FEMALE SIGN

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>♂

</th>

<td>MALE SIGN

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>♠

</th>

<td>BLACK SPADE SUIT

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>♣

</th>

<td>BLACK CLUB SUIT

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>♥

</th>

<td>BLACK HEART SUIT

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>♦

</th>

<td>BLACK DIAMOND SUIT

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>♪

</th>

<td>EIGHTH NOTE

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>♫

</th>

<td>BEAMED EIGHTH NOTES

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<ul><li><a href="Combining_character" title="Combining character">Combining character</a></li>

<li><a href="Compose_key" title="Compose key">Compose key</a> for other operating systems</li>

<li><a href="Keyboard_layout" title="Keyboard layout">Keyboard layout</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Unicode_characters" title="List of Unicode characters">List of Unicode characters</a></li>

<li><a href="Numeric_character_reference" title="Numeric character reference">Numeric character reference</a></li>

<li><a href="Unicode_input" title="Unicode input">Unicode input</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha">

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Microsoft acknowledged that "ANSI code pages" is a misnomer term and better name is "Windows code page".</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Only visible at a line break that falls between syllables of a word, where it appears as a hyphen-minus, <span class="nounderlines" style="border: 1px solid var(--border-color-muted,#ddd); color: var(--color-base,#202122); background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #fdfdfd); padding: 1px 1px;">-</span>.</span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("./mw/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("./mw/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("./mw/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("./mw/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.alt-codes.net/">"Alt Codes List of Alt Key Codes Symbols"</a>. <i>www.alt-codes.net</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-23</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-AltModulo-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AltModulo_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AltModulo_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">If the entered value exceeds 255, only the remainder after dividing by 256 (i.e., the value <a href="Modulo" title="Modulo">modulo</a> 256) was used by the BIOS. For example, 520 is interpreted as 520 mod 256 = 8, so it produces the same character as for value 8.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-WindowsAltAlgo-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WindowsAltAlgo_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WindowsAltAlgo_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160722031546/http://www.microsoft.com/resources/documentation/windows/xp/all/proddocs/en-us/lang_char_code_input.mspx?mfr=true">"To input characters that are not on your keyboard"</a>. <i>Microsoft</i>. 2016-07-22. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.microsoft.com/resources/documentation/windows/xp/all/proddocs/en-us/lang_char_code_input.mspx">the original</a> on 2016-07-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-12-30</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-WannaBuildASnowman-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WannaBuildASnowman_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFChen2024" class="citation web cs1">Chen, Raymond (2 July 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://devblogs.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20240702-00/?p=109951">"The history of Alt+number sequences, and why Alt+9731 sometimes gives you a heart and sometimes a snowman"</a>. <i>The Old New Thing</i>. Microsoft.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-RichEdit-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RichEdit_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFWalker2022" class="citation web cs1">Walker, Jim; et al. (27 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://learn.microsoft.com/windows/win32/controls/about-rich-edit-controls">"About Rich Edit Controls"</a>. <i>Windows App Development</i>. Microsoft – via <a href="Microsoft_Learn" title="Microsoft Learn">Microsoft Learn</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-08-01" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Alt_code&oldid=1303711496">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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